{"response":{"status":"ok","message_type":"name"},"id":35130,"name":"Nanoarchaeum","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/35130.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:35130","rank":"genus","status_name":"Valid (SeqCode)","syllabication":"Na.no.ar.chae'um","priority_date":"2002-05-02T00:00:00.000Z","description":{"raw":"Huber et al., 2002 - first description of Nanoarchaeum equitans:\nCells of ‘N. equitans’ are spherical, and only about 400 nm in diameter. They grow attached to the surface of a specific archaeal host, a new member of the genus Ignicoccus. The distribution of the ‘Nanoarchaeota’ is so far unknown. Owing to their unusual ss rRNA sequence, members remained undetectable by commonly used ecological studies based on the polymerase chain reaction. ‘N. equitans’ harbours the smallest archaeal genome; it is only 0.5 megabases in size.\n\nWaters et al., 2003 - genome of Nanoarchaeum equitans published: \nThe hyperthermophile Nanoarchaeum equitans is an obligate symbiont growing in coculture with the crenarchaeon Ignicoccus. Ribosomal protein and rRNA-based phylogenies place its branching point early in the archaeal lineage, representing the new archaeal kingdom Nanoarchaeota. The N. equitans genome (490,885 base pairs) encodes the machinery for information processing and repair, but lacks genes for lipid, cofactor, amino acid, or nucleotide biosyntheses. It is the smallest microbial genome sequenced to date, and also one of the most compact, with 95% of the DNA predicted to encode proteins or stable RNAs. Its limited biosynthetic and catabolic capacity indicates that N. equitans’ symbiotic relationship to Ignicoccus is parasitic, making it the only known archaeal parasite. Unlike the small genomes of bacterial parasites that are undergoing reductive evolution, N. equitans has few pseudogenes or extensive regions of noncoding DNA. This organism represents a basal archaeal lineage and has a highly reduced genome.","html":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://registry.seqco.de/publications/4103\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuber et al., 2002\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e - first description of \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eNanoarchaeum equitans\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/em\u003eCells of ‘\u003cem\u003eN. equitans\u003c/em\u003e’ are spherical, and only about 400 nm in diameter. They grow attached to the surface of a specific archaeal host, a new member of the genus \u003cem\u003eIgnicoccus\u003c/em\u003e. The distribution of the ‘\u003cem\u003eNanoarchaeota\u003c/em\u003e’ is so far unknown. Owing to their unusual ss rRNA sequence, members remained undetectable by commonly used ecological studies based on the polymerase chain reaction. ‘\u003cem\u003eN. equitans\u003c/em\u003e’ harbours the smallest archaeal genome; it is only 0.5 megabases in size.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://registry.seqco.de/publications/4350\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWaters et al., 2003\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e - genome of \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eNanoarchaeum equitans \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003epublished:\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThe hyperthermophile \u003cem\u003eNanoarchaeum equitans\u003c/em\u003e is an obligate symbiont growing in coculture with the crenarchaeon \u003cem\u003eIgnicoccus\u003c/em\u003e. Ribosomal protein and rRNA-based phylogenies place its branching point early in the archaeal lineage, representing the new archaeal kingdom \u003cem\u003eNanoarchaeota\u003c/em\u003e. The \u003cem\u003eN. equitans\u003c/em\u003e genome (490,885 base pairs) encodes the machinery for information processing and repair, but lacks genes for lipid, cofactor, amino acid, or nucleotide biosyntheses. It is the smallest microbial genome sequenced to date, and also one of the most compact, with 95% of the DNA predicted to encode proteins or stable RNAs. Its limited biosynthetic and catabolic capacity indicates that \u003cem\u003eN. equitans\u003c/em\u003e’ symbiotic relationship to \u003cem\u003eIgnicoccus\u003c/em\u003e is parasitic, making it the only known archaeal parasite. Unlike the small genomes of bacterial parasites that are undergoing reductive evolution, \u003cem\u003eN. equitans \u003c/em\u003ehas few pseudogenes or extensive regions of noncoding DNA. This organism represents a basal archaeal lineage and has a highly reduced genome.\u003c/div\u003e"},"formal_styling":{"raw":"Nanoarchaeum Huber et al., 2002","html":"\u003cspan data-type=name data-value=\"Nanoarchaeum\" data-id=\"35130\" data-validated=1 data-correct=1 data-candidatus=0\u003e\u003ci\u003eNanoarchaeum\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/span\u003e Huber et al., 2002"},"etymology":"Gr. masc. n. nanos, dwarf; N.L. neut. n. archaeum, archaeon; N.L. neut. n. Nanoarchaeum, the small archaeon","nomenclatural_type":{"class":"Name","id":35129,"url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/35129.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:35129","display":"Nanoarchaeum equitans"},"proposed_in":{"id":4103,"citation":"Huber et al., 2002, Nature","doi":"10.1038/417063a","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/publications/4103.json"},"classification":[{"id":754,"name":"Archaea","rank":"domain","status_name":"Valid (ICNP)","priority_date":null,"nomenclatural_type":{"class":"Name","id":12146,"url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/12146.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:12146","display":"Methanobacterium"},"created_at":"2021-09-30T17:37:28.293Z","updated_at":"2024-12-26T20:48:22.553Z","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/754.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:754"},{"id":43927,"name":"Nanobdellota","rank":"phylum","status_name":"Valid (ICNP)","priority_date":null,"nomenclatural_type":{"class":"Name","id":23605,"url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/23605.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:23605","display":"Nanobdella"},"created_at":"2024-02-06T22:34:48.088Z","updated_at":"2025-08-28T11:59:37.496Z","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/43927.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:43927"},{"id":23602,"name":"Nanobdellia","rank":"class","status_name":"Valid (ICNP)","priority_date":null,"nomenclatural_type":{"class":"Name","id":23605,"url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/23605.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:23605","display":"Nanobdella"},"created_at":"2022-09-24T12:50:51.075Z","updated_at":"2024-02-06T22:48:57.795Z","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/23602.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:23602"},{"id":23603,"name":"Nanobdellales","rank":"order","status_name":"Valid (ICNP)","priority_date":null,"nomenclatural_type":{"class":"Name","id":23605,"url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/23605.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:23605","display":"Nanobdella"},"created_at":"2022-09-24T12:50:51.122Z","updated_at":"2024-01-24T11:19:13.886Z","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/23603.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:23603"},{"id":35248,"name":"Nanoarchaeaceae","rank":"family","status_name":"Valid (SeqCode)","priority_date":"2002-05-02T00:00:00.000Z","nomenclatural_type":{"class":"Name","id":35130,"url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/35130.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:35130","display":"Nanoarchaeum"},"created_at":"2024-01-24T10:53:36.605Z","updated_at":"2026-05-01T16:35:22.509Z","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/35248.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:35248"}],"children":[{"id":54902,"name":"Nanoarchaeum abyssimaris","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/54902.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:54902"},{"id":35129,"name":"Nanoarchaeum equitans","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/names/35129.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/i:35129"}],"register":{"acc_url":"seqco.de/r:08kd-qkd","title":"Nanoarchaeum equitans gen. nov. sp. nov.","priority_date":"2025-11-20T18:04:08.021Z","url":"https://api.seqco.de/v1/registers/r:08kd-qkd.json","uri":"https://seqco.de/r:08kd-qkd"},"created_at":"2024-01-24T10:52:51.776Z","updated_at":"2025-12-23T14:24:48.645Z"}